{"id":897,"date":"2010-09-19T10:17:00","date_gmt":"2010-09-19T09:17:00","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/?p=897"},"modified":"2010-09-19T10:18:41","modified_gmt":"2010-09-19T09:18:41","slug":"stigma-and-discrimination","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2010\/09\/19\/stigma-and-discrimination\/","title":{"rendered":"Stigma and discrimination"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"content\">\n<div id=\"content-inner\">\n<div id=\"content-header\">\n<h1>Stigma and discrimination<\/h1>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"content-area\">\n<div id=\"node-178\">\n<div>\n<div>\n<p>Stigma and discrimination can have a huge impact on the lives of people affected by depression and, for many, they are the single biggest barrier to recovery.<\/p>\n<p>Stigma is experienced by people affected by depression when negative judgements are made about them based on the condition, usually as a result of stereotypes, misconceptions or fear. Stigma can take many forms. It may be someone making an unpleasant remark or ignoring you; or assumptions being made about the kind of person you are or your abilities. Discrimination is the active part of stigma, when someone is not only judged because of the condition they experience but is actually treated differently.<\/p>\n<p>It may seem that understanding and awareness of mental health problems is<br \/>\nimproving but many studies have shown that stigma is still widespread. Consider the following statistics:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>The most common mental illnesses are anxiety and depression (22% of the<\/li>\n<li>population) but when asked to describe mental illness 63% of people said it was \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcsomeone with schizophrenia\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 (which affects just 1% of the population). This figure has increased from 56% ten years ago. (Department of Health 2007)<\/li>\n<li>The number of people who believe that someone with a mental illness is \u00e2\u20ac\u02dcsomeone who has to be kept in a psychiatric or mental hospital\u00e2\u20ac\u2122 has also increased over the past decade, from 47% to 59%. (Department of Health 2007)<\/li>\n<li>Belief in the link between mental illness and violence has similarly risen, from 29% to 36%. (Department of Health 2007)<\/li>\n<li>A fifth of employers say that they would not employ someone who had been in<\/li>\n<li>receipt of Incapacity Benefit. (Chartered Institute for Personnel Development May 2006)<\/li>\n<li>18% of employers said that they would not employ someone who has experienced mental ill health compared to 10% who wouldn\u00e2\u20ac\u2122t employ someone with a physical disability. (Chartered Institute for Personnel Development May 2006)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Institutionalised discrimination<\/h3>\n<p>Stigma and discrimination start at the top, creating a climate within which employers routinely exclude people with mental health problems from work and other organisations feel empowered to discriminate too. The state discriminates by:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Having legislation that allows internment on the grounds of a person\u00e2\u20ac\u2122s medical condition (as opposed to whether someone is dangerous)<\/li>\n<li>Giving less weight to witness evidence from people who have had mental illness<\/li>\n<li>Barring people who have had mental illness from public service \u00e2\u20ac\u201c for example, not allowing them to sit on juries<\/li>\n<li>Barring people who have had mental illness from holding public office<\/li>\n<li>The Royal College of Psychiatrists has recently drawn attention to a range of health professions whose entry criteria exclude people who have had mental health problems.<\/li>\n<li>Even where people with mental health problems are not openly excluded, informal discrimination makes it hard for them to pursue a career in professions such as law, medicine and politics \u00e2\u20ac\u201c a recent report by the All-Party Parliamentary Group on Mental Health found that 1 in 5 Members of Parliament has had mental health problems, but most felt they could not disclose this publicly.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Insurance companies may deny health, personal and holiday insurance to people who have had mental health problems, and can refuse to pay a claim where an applicant failed to disclose their history, even where this has no bearing on the claim.<br \/>\nEmployers regularly exclude people with mental health problems from work \u00e2\u20ac\u201cseeking to sack those who develop problems while refusing to employ those with a history of mental illness.<\/p>\n<h3>Self-exclusion<\/h3>\n<p>Another manifestation of discrimination is a process of self-exclusion in which people behave as if discrimination will always happen. For example, while someone with depression is right to fear that they might be discriminated against in employment, they would be wrong to believe this will always be the case. If, however, they avoid seeking employment, and fail to take advantage of the help available because of this fear, it becomes a self-fulfilling prophecy.<\/p>\n<h3>Stigma in the media<\/h3>\n<p>The media regularly link mental illness with violence and homicide even though the number of homicides by people with a mental illness has fallen significantly over the last 50 years (during which time, the number of homicides has increased by more than 500%).<\/p>\n<p>Elsewhere, the media regularly use stigmatising language on a par with some of the language used to describe ethnic minorities back in the 1970s.<\/p>\n<p>While challenges can be made against television and radio coverage of mental illness through the regulator Ofcom, the Press Complaints Commission only considers complaints where an individual is directly affected by press coverage. So, for example, only Frank Bruno could complain about the \u00e2\u20ac\u0153Bonkers Bruno\u00e2\u20ac\u009d headline \u00e2\u20ac\u201c those of us who feel it is inappropriate to use the term \u00e2\u20ac\u0153bonkers\u00e2\u20ac\u009d to describe someone with a mental illness have no right of redress. This said, we all have the choice not to buy newspapers and not to subscribe to TV stations that discriminate in this way.<\/p>\n<h3>Over-estimating severity<\/h3>\n<p>The majority of people with a history of mental illness choose not to disclose their condition publicly \u00e2\u20ac\u201c or to be very selective about who they disclose to.<\/p>\n<p>One problem that arises from this is that those people who are \u00e2\u20ac\u0153out\u00e2\u20ac\u009d about their mental illness are often those who have little choice in the matter \u00e2\u20ac\u201c those with the most severe and enduring conditions; those in long-term contact with specialist services; those who have been in contact with the criminal justice system; those who have been excluded from employment; those in poor housing; those who lack social networks and intimate relationships.<\/p>\n<p>This leads politicians, health and social care professionals, journalists, voluntary organisations, and user\/survivor groups themselves to stigmatise the majority of people with mental illness as being much needier, much more dependent and much less self-resilient than is actually the case, by applying the characteristics of the 10% with the most severe and enduring illness to the 90% with common mental illness.<\/p>\n<p>Many people with depression find it highly stigmatising to be legally categorised as \u00e2\u20ac\u0153vulnerable\u00e2\u20ac\u009d or as \u00e2\u20ac\u0153disabled\u00e2\u20ac\u009d, when most, for most of the time, are fully able to work and to function in society.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Stigma and discrimination Stigma and discrimination can have a huge impact on the lives of people affected by depression and, for many, they are the single biggest barrier to recovery. Stigma is experienced by people affected by depression when negative judgements are made about them based on the condition, usually as a result of stereotypes, &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2010\/09\/19\/stigma-and-discrimination\/\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Stigma and discrimination<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[22,3],"tags":[24],"class_list":["post-897","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-bipolar","category-musings","tag-mental-health-and-employment"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p6NRDR-et","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":15688,"url":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2015\/07\/27\/france-wants-to-outlaw-discrimination-against-the-poor-is-that-so-ridiculous\/","url_meta":{"origin":897,"position":0},"title":"France wants to outlaw discrimination against the poor \u2013 is that so ridiculous?","author":"diana Stone","date":"July 27, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"In France, denying jobs, healthcare or housing to people in poverty is well on the way to becoming illegal. The UK could learn from such a crackdown on demonisation","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Musings&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Musings","link":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/category\/musings\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Powered by Guardian.co.uk","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/image.guardian.co.uk\/sys-images\/Guardian\/Pix\/pictures\/2010\/03\/01\/poweredbyguardianBLACK.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":67756,"url":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2017\/01\/27\/why-mark-27-january-holocaust-memorial-day\/","url_meta":{"origin":897,"position":1},"title":"WHY MARK 27 JANUARY HOLOCAUST MEMORIAL DAY?","author":"diana Stone","date":"January 27, 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"Today is Holocaust Memorial Day. Share our film to support those who face discrimination. https:\/\/t.co\/DTkbHG0yDI #HMD2017 \u2014 HMDT (@HMD_UK) January 27, 2017 Holocaust Memorial Day takes place on 27 January each year. 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We asked readers about their experiences and had a mixed response","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Musings&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Musings","link":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/category\/musings\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Powered by Guardian.co.uk","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/image.guardian.co.uk\/sys-images\/Guardian\/Pix\/pictures\/2010\/03\/01\/poweredbyguardianBLACK.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":1920,"url":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2013\/11\/08\/where-in-the-world-are-people-most-depressed\/","url_meta":{"origin":897,"position":3},"title":"Where in the world are people most depressed?","author":"diana Stone","date":"November 8, 2013","format":false,"excerpt":"People who think depression is a western malaise might be surprised by the results of a new study","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Musings&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Musings","link":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/category\/musings\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Powered by Guardian.co.uk","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/image.guardian.co.uk\/sys-images\/Guardian\/Pix\/pictures\/2010\/03\/01\/poweredbyguardianBLACK.png?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]},{"id":176234,"url":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2023\/12\/06\/seasons-groanings\/","url_meta":{"origin":897,"position":4},"title":"Seasons Groanings","author":"diana Stone","date":"December 6, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Other peoples lives always look better (Or worse) on social media don't they? I have had a pretty much life long struggle with mental health issues. Sometimes the demons win and sometimes I do. Often its a slightly wary and anxious truce ready to be triggered by some random incident\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Musings&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Musings","link":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/category\/musings\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":9041,"url":"https:\/\/glass-cage.com\/dianas_blog\/2015\/04\/29\/children-who-are-bullied-feel-traumatised-and-isolated-i-know-it-almost-killed-me\/","url_meta":{"origin":897,"position":5},"title":"Children who are bullied feel traumatised and isolated. I know \u2013 it almost killed me","author":"diana Stone","date":"April 29, 2015","format":false,"excerpt":"Those in authority must recognise the long-term ill effects of peer bullying. 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